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PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂在肺鳞癌中的临床应用与进展

张文霞, 朴龙镇

摘要

肺鳞状细胞癌（简称肺鳞癌）是非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的重要亚型，约占NSCLC的25%～30%。与肺腺癌不同，肺鳞癌的驱动基因突变发生率极低，靶向治疗选择十分有限，长期以来主要依赖含铂双药化疗。以PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂的问世，显著改变了肺鳞癌的治疗格局。从一线单药治疗到联合化疗、从晚期解救治疗到围手术期全程管理、从单克隆抗体到双特异性抗体的迭代升级，PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在肺鳞癌中的应用经历了快速演进。本文系统综述了PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗肺鳞癌的分子机制、关键临床研究证据、生物标志物探索、不良反应管理、耐药机制及应对策略，并展望了以双特异性抗体为代表的新一代免疫治疗的前景，以期为临床实践及后续研究提供参考。

关键词

肺鳞癌；PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂；免疫治疗；新辅助治疗

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参考

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